Bi objective hybrid vehicle routing problem with alternative paths and reliability

The hybrid vehicle routing problem is an extension of the green vehicle routing problem where vehicles can use different fuels. In this research, a bi-objective hybrid vehicle routing problem is presented and solved by considering alternative paths, various lengths and reliabilities. The first objective function minimizes overall system costs, fuel consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions, whereas the second objective function maximizes the reliability of the entire system with alternative paths and several reliabilities. The proposed model is formulated as mixedinteger nonlinear programming and a bi-objective simulated annealing (MOSA) algorithm along with the e-constraint method is used as solution strategy. The implementation of the proposed method is presented using some numerical instances.