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  Investigation of Arterial Blood Flow Changes According To Compression Level in A Practical Blood Flow Restriction Training Method: A Cross-Sectional Experimental Study

  (Public Library of Science, 2026) Özağır, Meltem; Devran, Sergen; Akkoç, Orkun; Bayraktar, Bülent; Yücesir, İlker

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  Background: Blood flow restriction (BFR) training is used to partially restrict limb blood flow during exercise. Practical blood flow restriction (pBFR) applications often rely on subjective pressure scales; however, the extent to which perceived compression levels influence arterial blood flow remains unclear. This study aimed to examine changes in popliteal artery blood flow velocity across different subjective compression levels during pBFR. Methods This cross-sectional observational study included 42 healthy physically active adults (18–37 years). pBFR was applied to the dominant thigh using a 5 cm elastic band wrapped twice around the proximal thigh. Participants reported perceived compression as free flow (0/10), light (3–4/10), moderate (6–7/10), and high (9–10/10). Popliteal artery blood flow velocity and vessel diameter were measured using Doppler ultrasound. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare outcomes across compression levels. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to examine associations among blood flow velocity, thigh circumference, and skinfold thickness. Analyses were conducted using pooled male and female data. Results Blood flow velocity progressively decreased with increasing compression. Significant differences were observed between all compression levels (p< 0.001). Blood flow velocity values were significantly correlated across compression levels. No significant associations were found between anthropometric measures and blood flow velocity. Complete arterial occlusion was not observed in any participant. Conclusions Subjective pBFR compression levels were associated with graded reductions in popliteal artery blood flow velocity under the present experimental conditions. These findings reflect acute hemodynamic responses at rest and should not be generalized to exercise adaptations. Anthropometric characteristics were not associated with blood flow responses. Further research is needed to determine the translational relevance of subjective compression levels during exercise.

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  Roughness-Dependent Retention of a Reduced Rabies-Virus Model in a Platinum Nanochannel: A Molecular Dynamics Study

  (Elsevier Science, 2026) Singh, Narinderjit Singh Sawaran; Satea, Murtaja; Kadhum, Ali Jawad; Mahariq, Ibrahim; Barzani, Hemn A. H.; Hussein, Baydaa Abed; Jumaah, Mina D.; Taner, Mahmut; Salahshour, Soheil; Rahimi, A.

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  Capturing nanoscale biological objects in nanochannels depends strongly on surface geometry and interfacial interactions. However, the spatial and temporal limitations of atomistic simulations prevent the direct representation of a complete rabies virion. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations to examine the force-driven retention of a reduced rabies-virus model with a characteristic size of approximately 4 nm in a water-filled platinum nanochannel with non-ideal surface roughness. The simulated construct was developed from reported rabies-virus structural information but did not reproduce the complete morphology, envelope, genomic content, or biological functionality of an intact virion. The atomic interactions were described using DREIDING and Universal Force Field parameters, the TIP3P water model, the embedded atom method for Pt–Pt interactions, and Lennard-Jones and Coulombic terms for interfacial interactions. After 10 ns of canonical equilibration at 300 K, the system underwent a 20 ns force-driven production stage. Roughness sizes of 35, 37, 40, and 43 Å were investigated. Among the four simulated configurations, the 40 Å roughness case produced the largest maximum density (0.187 atom/ų), the lowest maximum velocity (0.006 Å/ps), the largest retained surface-mesh volume (31,118 ų), and the most negative reduced-model–Pt interaction energy (−469.91 kcal/mol). The simulation-defined retained fraction for the reduced construct reached 95% at 20 ns. The weaker responses at 43 Å indicated a nonmonotonic dependence on roughness size within this model and the investigated geometries. These results characterized the force-driven behavior of a specific 4-nm construct under the stated simulation conditions; they did not establish roughness-dependent capture behavior for intact rabies virions or predict experimental device performance.

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  The Effect of Optimism, Pessimism, and Jealousy on Emotional Regulation in Athletes

  (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2026) Aydoğan, Mehmet; Şahinler, Yunus; Atasoy, Taner

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  Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the distinct associations of optimism and pessimism with emotion regulation in athletes and to test whether jealousy mediates each association. Methods: The sample comprised 628 athletes from the Ata¸sehir and Bakırköy districts of Istanbul (mean age = 25.73). Data were collected using the Athlete Emotion Regulation Scale (AERS), the Athlete Optimism and Pessimism Scale (AOPS), and the Jealousy Scale for Athletes (JSA). Because AOPS is a two-factor instrument, optimism and pessimism were treated as separate subscale scores rather than combined into a single predictor. Two parallel mediation analyses were specified with Hayes PROCESS Model 4, with optimism or pessimism as the predictor (X), jealousy as the mediator (M), and emotion regulation as the outcome (Y). Results: In the optimism model, optimism negatively predicted jealousy (B = −0.52, p < 0.001) and positively predicted emotion regulation after controlling for jealousy (B = 2.20, p < 0.001); the indirect effect through jealousy was negative and significant (B = −0.70, bootstrap 95% CI [−0.8232, −0.5982]). In the pessimism model, pessimism positively predicted jealousy (B = 1.50, p < 0.001) and showed a negative direct association with emotion regulation (B = −2.06, p < 0.001); the indirect effect through jealousy was approximately B = 5.27 and was reported as significant based on 5,000 bootstrap samples (the 95% bootstrap confidence interval excluded zero). Discussion: These findings indicate that optimism and pessimism follow distinct pathways and should not be interpreted as a single combined psychological construct.

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  Chemical Composition and Multi-Target Bioactivity of Salvia sclarea L. Essential Oil From the Algerian Edough Massif: Antimicrobial, Enzyme-Inhibitory, and Molecular Docking Studies

  (Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2026) Djendi, Manel Lina; Benzaid, Chahrazed; Dekir, Ali; Chenna, Houssem; Trea, Fouzia; Rahal, Sarah; Klaiaia, Lina Raghad; Sağlam, Kübra

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  Salvia sclarea L. (clary sage) is widely used in Algerian traditional medicine, yet its essential oil from the Edough Mountains (northeastern Algeria) remains poorly characterized. An ethnobotanical survey among 85 informants revealed high recognition (RFC=0.918) and versatility (UV=1.671), with predominant uses against digestive, nervous, and gynecological disorders (ICF up to 0.88). Hydrodistillation of the aerial parts yielded 1.90% (w/w) of a pale-yellow essential oil dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes (68.95%), mainly linalyl anthranilate (47.75%), and linalool (16.24%). The oil showed potent antimicrobial activity (MIC 15.32– 1000 μg/mL), strong antibiofilm effects (up to 76.02% inhibition), remarkable antioxidant capacity (DPPH EC50 = 40.38 μg/mL), anti-inflammatory activity (EC50 = 291.10 μg/mL), and interesting inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (EC50 = 64.40 μg/mL) and α-amylase (EC50 = 69.49 μg/mL). These findings suggest that the Algerian chemotype of S. sclarea may represent a promising source of bioactive natural compounds. Molecular docking and 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations elucidated the binding modes and stability of the major constituents in the enzyme active sites. This study validates traditional knowledge and positions the oil as a promising natural resource for managing oxidative stress-related and microbial disorders.

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  The Moderating Role of Techno-Related Control in The Relationship Between Algorithmic Management and Technostress Among Sport Science Professionals

  (Frontiers Editorial Office, 2026) Kara, Tayfun; Gül, Oğuzhan; Şahinler, Yunus; Çamiçi, Furkan; Gök, Orhan; Keskin, Muzaffer Toprak; Ulukan, Mahmut; Bayansalduz, Mehmet; Öz, Faik

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  Introduction: The increasing integration of digital and artificial intelligence-supported systems into sport organizations has transformed managerial processes such as performance monitoring, evaluation, planning, scheduling, and decisionmaking. This study examined the association between algorithmic management and technostress among sport science professionals and investigated the moderating role of techno-related control. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed with 372 sport science professionals working in sport-related organizations where digital or AI-supported systems were used to perform or support managerial functions. Algorithmic management was assessed using the Algorithmic Management Questionnaire, technostress was measured using the Turkish version of the Technostress Creators Scale, and techno-related control was assessed using the Techno-related Control subscale of the Technology-Related Moderator Scale. The measurement model was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis, and the hypothesized moderation model was tested using Hayes’ PROCESS Macro Model 1. Results: Algorithmic management was positively associated with technostress (B = 0.38, p < 0.001), whereas techno-related control was negatively associated with technostress (B = −0.17, p < 0.001). In addition, the interaction between algorithmic management and techno-related control was negative and statistically significant (B = −0.12, SE = 0.038, p = 0.002, 95% CI [−0.19, −0.05]). The interaction explained an additional 2.1% of the variance in technostress (ΔR² = 0.021), indicating that the positive association between algorithmic management and technostress became weaker as techno-related control increased. Discussion: These findings suggest that techno-related control may represent a meaningful, although modest, boundary condition in the relationship between algorithmic management and technostress and may help explain differences in how sport science professionals experience technology-mediated managerial demands.

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