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    The place of Pakistan in American foreign policy after the Cold War (1990-2009)
    (İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Weyar, Naseer Ahmad
    This research specifically concentrates on the relationship between America and Pakistan after the Cold War ( 1990-2009). But for further understanding of US-Pakistan relations, it is important to have a short discussion on the relationship between Washington and Islamabad. During the Cold War Pakistan's role in American foreign policy was largely centered on its strategic significance in the containment of communism in Asia, military assistance, and its role in the Afghan conflict. This period was specifically concentrated on how to ban the spread of communism in the South Asian region and in the world. After the Cold War 1990 until 2000 Pakistan's role in American foreign policy was marked by a complex mix of cooperation and tensions. While there were periods of strained relations due to nuclear concerns and Pakistan's involvement with the Taliban, the U.S. increasingly recognized Pakistan's importance in the fight against terrorism, which set the stage for a more prominent role for Pakistan in U.S. foreign policy. During this period a lot of economic restrictions and pressures were imposed on Pakistan due to its nuclear proliferation program. The geography of Pakistan was considered a big threat in the South Asia region due to its devastated potential for mass destruction weapons and its easy access to non-responsible groups. From 2000 to 2009, Pakistan's role in American foreign policy was defined by its critical position in the War on Terror. Mostly after the 9/11 incident America once again relied on Pakistan and used its territory against Al-Qaeda and some other extremist groups, and in return, Pakistan received different forms of aid and assistance from America. Meanwhile, the international community and America struggle to stabilize the geography of Pakistan to maintain Democracy, and human rights, and pave the ground for political transparency. Obviously, the relationship between the two countries was complex, characterized by cooperation in counterterrorism efforts but also marked by tensions and challenges related to Pakistan's domestic security situation and its ties to militant groups. It's worth mentioning that after 2001 and the collapse of the Taliban government in Afghanistan, the competition of great power politics( America, Russia, China) in different areas like politics, security, and economics began in the South Asia region. The political, security, and economic competition between America, China, and Russia in South Asia is multifaceted and dynamic. It involves strategic partnerships, military influence, infrastructure development, economic investments, and regional alliances.