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A Nutrigenetic Overview to Human Health: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Fatty Acid Desaturase (FADS) Encoding Genes
(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2017-04-26) Tekiner, İsmail Hakkı; Şengül, Nuray; Varlı, Bakiye Nur; Kestir, Elif; Tapeh, Leila Mehdizadeh; Kaya, Simge
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) play an important role in some physiological processes in the human body. Their level and composition are highly dependent on their intake in the diet or on the intake of fatty acid (FA) precursors. The fatty acid precursors are endogenously elongated and desaturated to physiologically active LC-PUFAs by the fatty acid desaturases (FADS), encoded by FADS gene cluster. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes are highly associated with the concentration of ?3- and ?6-fatty acids. Beside nutrition, genetic factors also play an important role in the regulation of LC-PUFAs. Changes in desaturase activity have potentially large impacts on cellular FA content, which consequently influences numerous biological processes. A genetic variation in the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway, especially within the FADS gene cluster, determines the levels of circulating and tissue PUFAs and several biomarkers. In this review, we aimed to provide an nutrigenetic overview to thehuman health over single nucleotide polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) encoding genes.