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Öğe Antioxidant, and enzyme inhibition effects of chia (Salvia hispanica) seed oil: A comprehensive phytochemical screening using LC-HR/MS(PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA VALPARAISO, AV BRASIL 2950, PO BOX 4059, VALPARAISO 0000, CHILE, 2025) Mutlu, Muzaffer; Bingöl, Zeynebe; Özden, Eda Mehtap; Köksal, Ekrem; Ertürk, Adem; Gören, Ahmet C.; Alwasel, Saleh; Gülçin, İlhamiBackground: In this study, the antioxidant and anti-Alzheimer’s disease properties of Chia (Salvia hispanica) seed oil (CSO) were determined for the first time. Three different metal reduction and two different radical scavenging methods were used to determine the antioxidant properties of CSO. It exhibited higher antioxidant activity than vitamins E and C in the CUPRAC method. Results: CSO has shown excellent efficacy in the antioxidant methods used in this study. In the DPPH radical scavenging method, CSO exhibited higher radical scavenging potential than BHT, a standard and synthetic antioxidant. The anti-Alzheimer’s disease properties of CSO were determined by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme and its IC50 value (17.60 lg/mL) was found to be close to the IC50 value of tacrine (8.82 lg/mL), the standard inhibitor of the enzyme. Inhibition properties of a-glycosidase enzyme and human carbonic anhydrase II isoenzymes were also studied. It was understood that CSO inhibited both enzymes at a lower rate than standard inhibitors. Also, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of CSO were determined as 784.44 lg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL oil and quercetin 150.00 lg QE)/mL oil, respectively. In addition, LC-HRMS chromatography application was performed to understand the phenolic content of CSO. It was determined that isosakuranetin (29.07 mg/L oil) was the most abundant polyphenolic compound in CSA. Also, seven polyphenolics of the studied remained below the detectable amount. Conclusions: It was found that CSO had effective antioxidant activity, polyphenolic contents and potent enzyme inhibition properties, associated with some global disease.Öğe Antioxidant, Antiglaucoma, Anticholinergic, and Antidiabetic Effects of Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) Oil: Metabolite Profile Analysis Using LC-HR/MS, GC/MS and GC-FID(Mdpi, 2023) Ozden, Eda Mehtap; Bingol, Zeynebe; Mutlu, Muzaffer; Karagecili, Hasan; Koksal, Ekrem; Goren, Ahmet C.; Alwasel, Saleh H.Determining the antioxidant abilities and enzyme inhibition profiles of medicinally important plants and their oils is of great importance for a healthy life and the treatment of some common global diseases. Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) oil was examined and researched using several bioanalytical methods comprehensively for the first time in this research to determine its antioxidant, antiglaucoma, antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's capabilities. Additionally, the kiwifruit oil inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and alpha-amylase, which are linked to a number of metabolic illnesses, were established. Furthermore, LC-HRMS analysis was used to assess the phenolic content of kiwifruit oil. It came to light that kiwifruit oil contained 26 different phenolic compounds. According to the LC-HRMS findings, kiwifruit oil is abundant in apigenin (74.24 mg/L oil), epigallocatechin (12.89 mg/L oil), caryophyllene oxide (12.89 mg/L oil), and luteolin (5.49 mg/L oil). In addition, GC-MS and GC-FID studies were used to ascertain the quantity and chemical composition of the essential oils contained in kiwifruit oil. Squalene (53.04%), linoleoyl chloride (20.28%), linoleic acid (2.67%), and palmitic acid (1.54%) were the most abundant compounds in kiwifruit oil. For radical scavenging activities of kiwifruit oil, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH center dot) and 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS(center dot+)) radicals scavenging techniques were examined. These methods effectively demonstrated the potent radical scavenging properties of kiwifruit oil (IC50: 48.55 mu g/mL for DPPH center dot, and IC50: 77.00 mu g/mL for ABTS(center dot+) scavenging). Also, for reducing capabilities, iron (Fe3+), copper (Cu2+), and Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) reducing abilities were studied. Moreover, kiwifruit oil showed a considerable inhibition effect towards hCA II (IC50: 505.83 mu g/mL), AChE (IC50: 12.80 mu g/mL), and alpha-amylase (IC50: 421.02 mu g/mL). The results revealed that the use of kiwifruit oil in a pharmaceutical procedure has very important effects due to its antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic, and antiglaucoma effects.Öğe Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Leaf Oil Using LC-HR/MS, GC/MS, and GC-FID: Determination of Antiglaucoma, Antioxidant, Anticholinergic, and Antidiabetic Profiles(Mdpi, 2023) Mutlu, Muzaffer; Bingol, Zeynebe; Uc, Eda Mehtap; Koksal, Ekrem; Goren, Ahmet C.; Alwasel, Saleh H.; Gulcin, IlhamiIn this study, for the first time, the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of the essential oil from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaves were evaluated and investigated using various bioanalytical methods. In addition, the inhibitory effects of cinnamon oil on carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and alpha-amylase, which are associated with various metabolic diseases, were determined. Further, the phenolic contents of the essential oil were determined using LC-HRMS chromatography. Twenty-seven phenolic molecules were detected in cinnamon oil. Moreover, the amount and chemical profile of the essential oils present in cinnamon oil was determined using GC/MS and GC-FID analyses. (E)-cinnamaldehyde (72.98%), benzyl benzoate (4.01%), and trans-Cinnamyl acetate (3.36%) were the most common essential oils in cinnamon leaf oil. The radical scavenging activities of cinnamon oil were investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH center dot), 2,2 '-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and (ABTS(center dot+)) bioanalytical scavenging methods, which revealed its strong radical scavenging abilities (DPPH center dot, IC50: 4.78 mu g/mL; and ABTS(center dot+), IC50: 5.21 mu g/mL). Similarly, the reducing capacities for iron (Fe3+), copper (Cu2+), and Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) were investigated. Cinnamon oil also exhibited highly effective inhibition against hCA II (IC50: 243.24 mu g/mL), AChE (IC50: 16.03 mu g/mL), and alpha-amylase (IC50: 7.54 mu g/mL). This multidisciplinary study will be useful and pave the way for further studies for the determination of antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition profiles of medically and industrially important plants and their oils.Öğe Exploring of biological activity and diverse metabolites in hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil by GC/MS, GC–FID, and LC–HRMS chromatographies(SPRINGER, ONE NEW YORK PLAZA, SUITE 4600 , NEW YORK, NY 10004, UNITED STATES, 2024) Gülçin, İlhami; Özden, Eda Mehtap; Mutlu, Muzaffer; Mirzaee, Ziba; Bingöl, Zeynebe; Köksal, Ekrem; Alwasel, Saleh; Gören, Ahmet C.Background This study investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of hemp seed oil using various bioanalytical methods. Furthermore, this study determined the suppressive properties of hemp seed oil on α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase II that purifed by the sepharose-4B-L-Tyrosine-sulfanilamide afnity chromatoghraphy, all of which are related to diferent metabolic diseases. Moreover, the phenolic concentration in the essential oil was quantifed through LC–HRMS chromatography. Thirteen distinct phenolic compounds were detected in hemp seed oil. Additionally, both the chemical components and quantity of essential oils within hemp seed oil were assessed through GC–FID and GC/MS analyses. Results The predominant essential oils in hemp seed oil included linoleoyl chloride (34.62%), linoleic acid (33.21%), and 2-4-di-tert-butylphenol (5.79%). Hemp seed oil’s ability to scavenge radicals was studied through the use of 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil bioanalytical radical scavenging methods. The results unveiled its potent radical-scavenging properties, with an 46.20 μg/mL for 2,2’-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals and IC50 of 9.76 μg/mL for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil radicals. The investigation also extended to explore the reducing capabilities of Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine, copper (Cu2+), and iron (Fe3+). Hemp seed oil demonstrated notable inhibitory efect against α-amylase (IC50: 545.66 μg/mL), achethylcholinesterase (IC50: 28.00 μg/mL), and carbonic anhydrase II (IC50: 322.62 μg/mL). Conclusions This interdisciplinary research will prove valuable and set the stage for future investigations into the antioxidant characteristics and enzyme inhibition patterns of plants and plants oils that hold medical and industrial signifcance.Öğe Sophora alopecuroides var. alopecuroides: Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activity of the methanolic extract of aerial parts, flowers, leaves, roots, and stems(ELSEVIER, RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2021) Arumugam, Radjassegarin; Sarıkürkcü, Cengiz; Mutlu, Muzaffer; Tepe, BektaşSophora alopecuroides L. are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various ailments such as refractory tinea, eczema, dermatitis, colpitis, bacillary dysentery, and other gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity of the aerial part, flower, leaf, root, and stems extracts of S. alopecuroides var. alopecuroides. Major compounds of the extracts were found to be ferulic acid, luteolin, hesperidin and pinoresinol. In many of the antioxidant activity assays, the root extract exhibited high activity. In CUPRAC reducing, phosphomolybdenum, ABTS, and DPPH tests, the activity of the root extract was 1.42, 2.45, 1.25, and 8.41 mg/mL, respectively. Root extract also exhibited significant activity in enzyme inhibitory assays. Tyrosinase, a-amylase, a-glucosidase, and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of the extract were determined as 1.22, 2.97, 1.03, and 0.97 mg/mL, respectively. Chromatographic analysis showed that the root extract contained 462.25 mg/g pinoresinol and 256.23 mg/g vanillic acid as the major compounds. Pearson correlation analysis showed that besides flavonoids/phenolics, these phytochemicals also contributed to the activity of root extract. Therefore, it was concluded that these phytochemicals may be responsible for the activity of the root extract. The root extract of S. alopecuroides var. alopecuroides was thought to be an effective antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory agent.
