Yazar "Mohamed, Ayman A." seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 11 / 11
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Aerobic exercises recommendations and specifications for patients with COVID-19: a systematic review(VERDUCI PUBLISHER, VIA GREGORIO VII, ROME 186-00165, ITALY, 2020) Alawna, Motaz; Amro, Mostafa; Mohamed, Ayman A.OBJECTIVE: This review was conducted to systematically analyze the effects of aerobic exercise on immunological biomarkers to provide safe aerobic exercise recommendations and specifications for patients with COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted through MEDLINE (PubMed), Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and SciELO databases. The search included the following keywords “immune system”, “immune cell”, or “immune function”; “aerobic training”, “aerobic exercise”, or “physical activity”; “human” or “adult”; and “cytokine”, “killer cell”, “T cell”, “interleukin”, “lymphocyte”, “leukocyte” or “adhesion molecule”. RESULTS: Eleven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this search. The most used exercise prescriptions included walking, cycling, or running. The duration of exercise ranged from 18 to 60 min with an intensity of 55% to 80% of VO2max or 60%-80% of maximum heart rate. The frequency range was 1 to 3 times/week. The mainly increased immunological biomarkers included leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, IL-6, CD16-56, CD16, CD4, CD3, CD8, and CD19. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrated that patients with COVID-19 should follow a regular program of aerobic exercise for 20-60 min. This program should be in the form of cycling or walking with an intensity of 55%-80% VO2max or 60%-80% of maximum heart rate. This program should be repeated 2-3 sessions/week. These previous parameters could safely enhance immune functions without producing any exhaustion.Öğe Can Proprioceptive Training Enhance Fatigability and Decrease Progression Rate of Sarcopenia in Seniors? a Novel Approach(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Mohamed, Ayman A.Sarcopenia is a common condition in older adults, which causes the frequent occurrence of muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue commonly develops among seniors. Muscle fatigue is a type of physical fatigue that occurs due to either motor or sensory dysfunctions. Current interventions developed to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue, which include either increasing rest periods or subdividing large tasks into small ones. The effectiveness of these interventions is highly contradicted. Recently, researchers discovered that mechanoreceptors are the main receptors of muscle fatigue, however, no clinical study investigated the effect of performing proprioceptive training to enhance the mechanoreceptors and decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Performing proprioceptive training could improve muscle fatigue by improving its sensory part. The function of mechanoreceptors might consequently enhance fatigue and decrease the progression rate of sarcopenia. Thus, this review was conducted to suggest a novel approach of treatment to enhance fatigue and decrease Sarcopenia in seniors. This might be accomplished through increasing the firing rate of alpha-motor neurons, increasing the amount of Ca2+ ions in the neuromuscular junction, slowing the progression rate of Sarcopenia, and correcting movement deviations, which commonly occur with muscle fatigue in seniors. In conclusion, proprioceptive training could play an effective role in decreasing the progression rate of sarcopenia and enhancing the fatigability among seniors.Öğe Can Proprioceptive Training Reduce Muscle Fatigue in Patients With Motor Neuron Diseases? A New Direction of Treatment(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND, 2019) Mohamed, Ayman A.Muscle fatigue is a serious problem in patients with motor neuron diseases (MNDs). It commonly disturbs both daily life activity and rehabilitation tolerance. A particular concern should be taken when MNDs occur in older ages. Older patients with MNDs usually have a worse clinical presentation and a lower survival rate. This could increase the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Muscle fatigue occurs due to a dysfunction in either motor or sensory systems. Current exercise interventions performed to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue focused only on treating motor causes of muscle fatigue. It has been demonstrated that these interventions have a high debate in their effectiveness on decreasing the occurrence of muscle fatigue. Also, these exercise interventions ignored training the affected sensory part of muscle fatigue, however, the important role of the sensory system in driving the motor system. Thus, this review aimed to develop a novel exercise intervention by using proprioceptive training as an intervention to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue in patients with MNDs particularly, older ones. The physiological effects of proprioceptive training to decrease the occurrence of muscle fatigue could include two effects. The first effect includes the ability of the proprioceptive training to increase the sensitivity of muscle spindles as an attempt to normalize the firing rate of alpha-motoneurons, which their abnormalities have major roles in the occurrence of muscle fatigue. The second effect includes its ability to correct the abnormal movement-compensations, which develop due to the biomechanical constraints imposed on patients with MNDs.Öğe Effect of Adding Proprioceptive Exercise to Balance Training in Older Adults with Diabetes: A Systematic Review(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2020) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Jan, Yih-KuenIntroduction: Accidental fall is a serious problem in older adults. The incidence of accidental fall increases by any dysfunction in the proprioceptive system. The function of the proprioceptive system usually is much affected in people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), particularly in older ages. However, proprioceptive exercise significantly improves the balance control in older adults, no systematic review demonstrated its effectiveness in improving the balance control in older adults with DM. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of adding proprioceptive exercise to any balance training in older adults with DM. Methods: A systematic search was performed in five major databases. The inclusion criteria of this search included older adults with DM, peripheral neuropathy, randomized control trial, and proprioceptive dysfunction. The exclusion criterion of this search included any study where participants had a history of a disease that might affect the balance control such as ataxia, stroke, and Parkinsonism. The outcome of interest was the importance of including proprioceptive exercise in increasing the effectiveness of balance training in older adults with DM. Results: Nine RCTs met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Seven studies of these nine studies included randomization details. Only two studies included the blindness, and only one of them included double blindness. The description of the withdrawal of participants was shown in eight studies. All the included studies used a control group and accomplished the homogeny between subjects in the both groups. Conclusion: This systematic review showed that proprioceptive exercise is a vital component that should be included in any balance training to gain short-term improvement in the balance control in older adults with DM.Öğe The effect of aerobic exercise on immune biomarkers and symptoms severity and progression in patients with COVID-19: A randomized control trial(ELSEVIER, RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2021) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazBackground: The World Health Organization in March 2020 has announced that COVID-19 is a world pandemic because the number of infected cases increases rapidly. however, there are several available vaccines, their protection is limited to a certain period. Thus, the role of modalities that improve immune functions should be performed to counter COVID-19 viral load and decrease mortality rates. Objective: To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on immune biomarkers, disease severity, and progression in patients with COVID-19. Design: A randomized controlled study. Participants: Thirty patients with COVID-19 participated in this study. Participants’ age ranged from 24 to 45 years old. Participants had a mild or moderate COVID-19. Participants were assigned randomly into two groups, exercise and control groups. There were two main dependent variables including blood immune markers and severity of respiratory symptoms. Interventions: All participants performed 2 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 40 min/ session, 3 sessions/week. The measurements were performed at baseline, and after 2-weeks. Results: At baseline measurements, there were non-significant differences between both groups in the Wisconsin scale total score, Leucocytes, Lymphocytes, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10, Immunoglobulin-A, and TNF-a (P > .05). After the intervention, the Wisconsin scale (patient-oriented illness-specific qualityof-life) total score significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < .05); while, Leucocytes, Lymphocytes, and Immunoglobulin-A significantly increased in the intervention group (P < .05). Conclusion: The current study indicated that 2 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise decreased the severity and progression of COVID-19 associated disorders and quality of life. Also, a 2-weeks of aerobic exercise positively affected immune function by increasing the amounts of Leucocytes, Lymphocytes, Immunoglobulin A.Öğe Effects of increasing aerobic capacity on improving psychological problems seen in patients with COVID-19: a review(VERDUCI PUBLISHER, VIA GREGORIO VII, ROME 186-00165, ITALY, 2021) Amro, M.; Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazOBJECTIVE: In response to the COVID-19 disaster, people have developed several psychological problems mainly stress, anxiety, and depression. These psychological problems have been seen in either normal people during the lockdown (who are waiting to get infected with COVID-19) and patients with COVID-19 (who are waiting for death). These psychological problems adversely affect immune functions causing more increase in the severity of COVID-19 associated disorders and death rates. Increasing the aerobic capacity is one of the effective methods that could be used to decrease stress, anxiety, and depression. Besides, increasing the aerobic capacity increases immune functions through autonomic regulation. Thus, this review was developed to summarize the effect of increasing the aerobic capacity on psycho-immune hormones commonly disturbed in people during the lockdown or patients with COVID-19 infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This review was carried out by searching through Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, Medline databases. The search was conducted over clinical trials, literature reviews, and systematic reviews. The search included the possible effects of increasing the aerobic capacity on the functions of psycho-immune hormones. RESULTS: This review found that increasing the aerobic capacity can decrease psychological problems commonly seen in people with COVID-19 and increase immune functions by modulating the levels of glucocorticoid, oxytocin, insulin, thyroid hormones. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrated that increasing the aerobic capacity is a recommended treatment for decreasing the psychological problems commonly seen in people with COVID-19 because it has the potential for decreasing psychological problems and improving immune functions which would help counter COVID-19.Öğe Enhancing oxygenation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Effects on immunity and other health-related conditions(BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, PLEASANTON, CA 94566, UNITED STATES, 2021) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) distresses the pulmonary system causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, which might lead to death. There is no cure for COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 is a self-limited infection, and the methods that can enhance immunity are strongly required. Enhancing oxygenation is one safe and effective intervention to enhance immunity and pulmonary functions. This review deliberates the probable influences of enhancing oxygenation on immunity and other health-connected conditions in patients with COVID-19. An extensive search was conducted through Web of Science, Scopus, Medline databases, and EBSCO for the influence of enhancing oxygenation on immunity, pulmonary functions, psycho-immune hormones, and COVID-19 risk factors. This search included clinical trials and literature and systematic reviews. This search revealed that enhancing oxygenation has a strong effect on improving immunity and pulmonary functions and psycho-immune hormones. Also, enhancing oxygenation has a self-protective role counter to COVID-19 risk factors. Lastly, this search revealed the recommended safe and effective exercise protocol to enhance oxygenation in patients with COVID-19. Enhancing oxygenation should be involved in managing patients with COVID-19 because of its significant effects on immunity, pulmonary functions, and COVID-19 risk factors. A mild to moderate cycling or walking with 60%-80% Vo2max for 20-60 min performed 2-3 times per week could be a safe and effective aerobic exercise program in patients with COVID-19 to enhance their immunity and pulmonary functions.Öğe Important Role of Relaxation Techniques in Immune Functions, Glycemic Control, and Stress in Diabetic Patients with COVID-19: A Review(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2021) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazBackground: COVID-19 is a world disaster. The relationship between COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is double-faced because DM is considered one of the COVID-19 key risk factors causing an increase in COVID-19 related conditions and death rates; at the same time, high stress in patients with COVID- 19 can lead to the occurrence of DM. This relationship adversely affects immune functions. Relaxation techniques have been demonstrated to positively affect immune functions, glycemic control, and stress levels. Methods: A search in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline databases, and EBSCO has been made. The search included clinical trials and systematic and literature reviews on the effects of relaxation techniques on immune functions, glycemic control, and stress levels. Results: This review found that relaxation techniques produce short-term effects on decreasing stress levels through autonomic regulation, controlling glycemic control through decreasing hyperglycemia, and increasing immune functions through increasing immune cells and immunoglobins A. Conclusion: This review summarizes the important role of performing regular relaxation techniques in COVID-19 patients with DM. Relaxation techniques benefit diabetic patients with COVID-19 through decreasing stress levels, better controlling of glycemic control, and increasing immune functions.Öğe Role of increasing the aerobic capacity on improving the function of immune and respiratory systems in patients with coronavirus (COVID-19): A review(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND, 2020) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazBackground and aims: COVID-19 is a public world crisis, however, it is a self-limited infection. In COVID19, the strength of immune and respiratory systems is a critical element. Thus, this review was conducted to demonstrate the short and long term effects of increasing the aerobic capacity on increasing the function and strength of immune and respiratory systems, particularly those essential for overcoming COVID-19 infections and associated disorders. Methods: This review was carried out by searching in Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, Medline databases. The search was conducted over clinical trials and literature and systematic reviews on the effects of increasing the aerobic capacity on the function and strength of specific immune and respiratory elements essential for overcoming COVID-19 infections. Results: This review found that increasing the aerobic capacity could produce short-term safe improvements in the function of immune and respiratory systems, particularly those specific for COVID-19 infections. This could be mainly produced through three mechanisms. Firstly, it could improve immunity by increasing the level and function of immune cells and immunoglobulins, regulating CRP levels, and decreasing anxiety and depression. Secondly, it could improve respiratory system functions by acting as an antibiotic, antioxidant, and antimycotic, restoring normal lung tissue elasticity and strength. Lastly, it could act as a protective barrier to decrease COVID-19 risk factors, which helps to decrease the incidence and progression of COVID-19. Conclusion: This review summarizes that increasing the aerobic capacity is recommended because it has potential of improving immune and respiratory functions which would help counter COVID-19.Öğe Short-term and long-term effects of ankle joint taping and bandaging on balance, proprioception and vertical jump among volleyball players with chronic ankle instability(CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE, JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND, 2020) Alawna, Motaz; Mohamed, Ayman A.Objective: This study hypothesized that the prolonged use of taping during athletic activities produces more significant increases in proprioception, balance, and vertical jump among volleyball players with CAI. Design: A randomized controlled study. Participants: One-hundred participants with chronic ankle instability (CAI) participated in this study. Participants were distributed into 3-groups: taping group, bandaging group, and control group. Primary outcome measures: Proprioception (ankle range of motion absolute error), balance(Y-balance test), and vertical jump (vertical jump tester). Interventions: Three interventions were performed: ankle rigid taping, ankle bandaging, and placebo taping. The measurements were performed at baseline, immediately, 2-weeks and 2-months after support. Results: Immediately after supports, there were non-significant differences between all groups for proprioception, balance (P < .05). There was a significant difference between banding and control groups, and taping and control groups for the vertical jump (P < .05). After 2-weeks and 2-months, there were significant differences between bandaging and control groups, and taping and control groups for proprioception, balance, and vertical jump (P < .05). There were non-significant differences between taping and bandaging groups (P < .05) during all assessments. Conclusion: This study indicated that ankle taping and bandaging immediately improve vertical jump only; while they improve proprioception, balance, and vertical jump after 2-weeks and 2-months.Öğe The use of passive cable theory to increase the threshold of nociceptors in people with chronic pain(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND, 2021) Mohamed, Ayman A.; Alawna, MotazBackground: Chronic pain is one of the disorders that cost any society high expenses. The major mechanisms responsible for the conversion of pain from acute to chronic are still unclear. One major mechanism of these mechanisms is the hypersensitivity of nociceptors to any noxious stimulus. Treatment approaches for chronic pain have not targeted the abnormal function of nociceptors or achieved long-time relief of pain yet. Objectives: To outline the effectiveness of passive cable theory to decrease the hypersensitivity of nociceptors in patients with chronic pain and renormalize the abnormal hypersensitivity of nociceptors. Major Findings: applying the concept of the passive cable theory in the treatment of chronic pain would decrease the hypersensitivity of nociceptors and produce a decrease in chronic pain levels. This could occur through increasing the passive background leakage of ions in the opposite direction against their major flow direction. During the major flow of ions through the cell membrane occurs with any noxious stimulus, a background passive leakage of the same ions occurs in the opposite direction. This leakage helps in increasing the postsynaptic potentials and prolongs their decay phase. In turn, this decreases the hyperexcitability of the central nervous system, which commonly occurs in chronic pain. Both decreases in the peripheral and central sensitization would decrease the depletion of b-arrestin-2, which leads to a decrease in the descending painful mechanism. Conclusion: The use of passive cable theory would be a useful intervention to decrease the hypersensitivity of peripheral nociceptors and hyper-excitability of the central nervous system, which are common mechanisms of persisted chronic pain. This helps to renormalize the abnormal mechanism commonly occur in chronic pain and would cause a prolonged decrease in chronic pain.
