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Öğe Comparison of the Scapula in Human and Laboratory Rat Species from the Perspective of Translational Medicine(İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2024) Üstündağ, Yasemin; Yılmaz, Osman; Kartal, MehmetAim: The aim of the study is to provide anatomical differences between rat and human scapula and definitive information to the literature about which strain is most appropriate for rat modeling, particularly in orthopedics. Methods: In current study, a total of 40 scapulas belonging to Wistar Albino, Brown Norway, Sprague Dawley and Lewis strains were examined morphologically and morphometrically with each other and with the human scapula. Digital calipers were used to measure parameters for rat scapula. Literature searches were conducted for the measurements of the human scapula, and the obtained literature data was evaluated. A statistical analysis of the observed parameters was conducted using mean values, standard deviations, and One Way Anova Analysis in the IBM SPSS program. The Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the differences between groups that have a statistical difference. A fold ratio was calculated for each parameter based on the average values of all rat and human scapulae. Results: According to One-Way Anova analysis, there is not any difference between groups for; width of collum scapula, length of cavitas glenoidalis-1, length of cavitas glenoidalis -2, width of cavitas glenoidalis, external width of cavitas glenoidalis, length of processus hamatus, width of processus hamatus, distance between processus coracoideus and incisura scapula, distance between cavitas glenoidalis to acromion at p<0.05 level. There is a statistical difference groups for; length of scapula (p<0.001), width of scapula (p<0.001), length of margo cranialis (p=0.001), length of margo caudalis (p<0.001), length of spina scapula (p<0.001), length of acromion (p=0.007), width of acromion (p=0.001), coracoacromial distance (p=0.003), distance between cavitas glenoidalis and incisura scapula (p<0.001), angle of angulus cranialis (p=0.001) levels. Conclusions: Wistar Albino, Brown Norway, Sprague Dawley and Lewis rat strains are suitable for orthopedical animal models for especially models including cavitas glenoidalis. Any strain can be used in modeling indiscriminately. However, in modeling where the acromion, spina scapula, and edges of the scapula are important, the most appropriate strain specified in the current study should be selected.Öğe Correlation between long-bone dimensions and body mass in cats(POLISH SOC VETERINARY SCIENCES EDITORIAL OFFICEAKADEMICKA 12, 20-950 LUBLIN, POLAND, 2025) Mutlu, Zihni; Chroszcz, Aleksander; Kaya, Didar Aydın; Mutuş, Rıfat; Kartal, Mehmet; Poradowski, Dominik; Onar, VedatBody mass significantly influences morphology in both humans and animals. The relations between the body mass and osteometric measurements of the skeleton can show adaptive changes in the animal skeleton due to body mass changes. This relationship had previously been analysed in dogs. The lack of such studies in cats encouraged us to investigate this topic. Radiogrammetric measurements were performed in live animals of both sexes (16 females and 20 males) in both dorsopalmar/dorsoplantar and mediolateral projections Morphometric measurements were performed for almost all long bones, e.g. the humerus, the tibia, and the fibula. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 21.0 package. It showed that the body mass affected transverse rather than longitudinal dimensions of the selected long bones. Moreover, the sexual dimorphism identified (except for the pelvis) resulted from two sex-related factors (greatest length/body mass). Step regression analysis and estimation of determination coefficients (R2 ) proved that transverse dimensions, such as the smallest breadth of diaphysis in the humerus and the greatest breadth of the distal extremity in the femur, were the most suitable dimensions for body mass estimation. Body mass estimation and the calculations of height at withers, can offer a broader insight into the morphology of animals from past centuries and are important in both palaeontology and archaeozoology. Therefore, descriptions of archaeological cat species, also in terms of height at withers and body mass estimations, afford a more meaningful evaluation of their morphological structure across various historical periods.Öğe Interaction of talus and calcaneus morphometric values and estimation of carcass weight in cattle(Wiley, 2024) Kartal, Mehmet; Üstündag, Yasemin; Mutuş, Rıfat; Baykara, Derya Silibolatlaz; Öztürk, Muhsin; Mutlu, ZihniIn this study, the calcaneus and talus bones of 20 male and female adult Simmental and Angus cattle were used. The age and sex of these animals were recorded before slaughter, and carcass weights were taken after slaughter. Calcaneus and talus morphometric measurements were used to obtain multipliers that allow the estimation of the carcass weight. These multipliers were found to be mean values of 3.346 and 4.642, respectively. Thus, multipliers were obtained that can be used in the evaluation of chronological differences in archaeological cattle size and consequently carcass weight. LSM (Least Square Means) analysis of calcaneus and talus GL values revealed the effect of sex but not of breed. Proportional factors were obtained for calcaneus and talus pairings and associated bone size (GL) estimates.Öğe Prediction of carcass weight using the morphometry of ankle bones in hair goats(Wiley, 2024) Ustundag, Yasemin; Kartal, MehmetBacgroundMorphologic measurements such as body lenght, wither height, heart girth, chest width, body leght, cannon-bone circumference is used to predict carcass weight. For this purpose, estimating carcass weight with measurements of key bones such as ankle bones, which play a significant role in the balance distribution of body weight, seems possible.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to create new regression models for effective carcass weight estimation by using the morphometric data of the talus and calcaneus bones of hair goats.MethodsStudy materials consisted of talus and calcaneus bones obtained from abattoir products of hair goat kids (12-18 months old, 20 female and 20 male) and adult hair goats (36-48 months old, 20 female and 20 male). Morphometric measurements of the talus and calcaneus of each animal were taken by a digital caliper. Using the morphometric measurements, an index and a factor were calculated for each bone. Regression analysis and correlations were examined in IBM SPSS 21 programme.ResultsAs a result, statistical analysis of GLc, GLt, Bd, Calfactor and Talfactor were statistically significant on predicting carcass weight.ConclusionSpecific anatomical structures, such as certain bone measurements, such as talus and calnaneus could serve as indicators of growth performance and also carcass weight performance. In addition new anatomical factors and indices may be produced and new regression methods may be applied with these new parameters to predict carcass weight. The study investigated the relationship between age, sex and carcass weight in hair goats through morphometric measurements of the talus and calcaneus bones. Significant correlations were found between bone measurements (GLc and GLt) and carcass weight, with regression models predicting carcass weight with 85% accuracy. Age significantly influenced morphometric measurements, whereas sex did not significantly affect both morphometric measurements and predicting carcass weight. imageÖğe Prediction of carcass weight using the morphometry of ankle bones in hair goats(Wiley, 2024) Ustundag, Yasemin; Kartal, MehmetBacgroundMorphologic measurements such as body lenght, wither height, heart girth, chest width, body leght, cannon-bone circumference is used to predict carcass weight. For this purpose, estimating carcass weight with measurements of key bones such as ankle bones, which play a significant role in the balance distribution of body weight, seems possible.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to create new regression models for effective carcass weight estimation by using the morphometric data of the talus and calcaneus bones of hair goats.MethodsStudy materials consisted of talus and calcaneus bones obtained from abattoir products of hair goat kids (12-18 months old, 20 female and 20 male) and adult hair goats (36-48 months old, 20 female and 20 male). Morphometric measurements of the talus and calcaneus of each animal were taken by a digital caliper. Using the morphometric measurements, an index and a factor were calculated for each bone. Regression analysis and correlations were examined in IBM SPSS 21 programme.ResultsAs a result, statistical analysis of GLc, GLt, Bd, Calfactor and Talfactor were statistically significant on predicting carcass weight.ConclusionSpecific anatomical structures, such as certain bone measurements, such as talus and calnaneus could serve as indicators of growth performance and also carcass weight performance. In addition new anatomical factors and indices may be produced and new regression methods may be applied with these new parameters to predict carcass weight. The study investigated the relationship between age, sex and carcass weight in hair goats through morphometric measurements of the talus and calcaneus bones. Significant correlations were found between bone measurements (GLc and GLt) and carcass weight, with regression models predicting carcass weight with 85% accuracy. Age significantly influenced morphometric measurements, whereas sex did not significantly affect both morphometric measurements and predicting carcass weight. image
