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    Evaluation of the Effects of the Chincup Appliance on the Craniofacial Structures by the Finite Element Analysis
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2017) Karamanli, Beril Demir; Kilicoglu, Hulya; Karamanli, Armagan Fatih
    Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the chincup appliance used in the treatment of Class III malocclusions, not only on the mandible or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) but also on all the craniofacial structures. Materials and Methods: Chincup simulation was performed on a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model. 1000 g (500 g per side) force was applied in the direction of chin-condyle head. Nonlinear FE analysis was used as the numerical analysis method. Results: By the application of chincup, stresses were distributed not only on TMJ or mandible but also on the circummaxillary sutures and other craniofacial structures. Conclusions: Clinical changes obtained by chincup treatment in Class III malocclusions are not limited by only mandible. It was seen that also further structures were affected.
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    Evaluation of the Effects of the Dental and Skeletal Anchored Face Mask Therapies on the Craniofacial System by Using Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2017) Karamanli, Beril Demir; Kilicoglu, Hulya; Karamanli, Armagan Fatih
    Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical effects on the craniofacial complex of skeletal anchorage and dental anchorage during face mask therapy. Subjects and Methods: Two nonlinear finite element (FE) simulations were performed using a three-dimensional FE model. Face mask therapy with dental anchorage in the upper canines and face mask therapy with skeletal anchorage in the piriform apertures of the maxilla were simulated. In both simulations, the magnitude of the applied force was 750 g per side, and the force direction was 30 degrees forward and downward relative to the occlusal plane. Results: The circummaxillary sutures showed greater and more uniform stresses in the skeletal anchorage model than the dental anchorage model. This is the result of the more parallel forward movement of the maxilla in the skeletal anchorage model. Conclusions: In Class III malocclusions with maxillary deficiency, for improved effects on the maxilla, choosing skeletal anchorage may be more effective in face mask therapies