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Öğe Burden of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia in relation to social and behavioral health determinants: Insights from the 2018 Bangladesh STEPS survey(Elsevier B. V., 2025) Rahman, Mohammad Meshbahur; Farhana, Zaki; Al Noman, Abdullah; Hossain, Nazmul; Kamil, Anton Abdulbasah; Riaz, Baizid KhoorshidObjectives: Bangladesh is experiencing a significant shift in its epidemiological landscape, moving from a predominance of communicable diseases to an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aims to identify the risk factors for hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia based on the recent STEPS survey in Bangladesh. Study design: Secondary cross-sectional study. Methods: This study analyze the publicly available “National STEPS Survey for Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors in Bangladesh 2018” dataset. The sample size was 6875, after cleaning the three phases of dataset. Frequency distribution, Spatial distribution, Chi-square test, and Logistic regression models were employed in data analysis. Results: The nationwide prevalence of NCDs revealed 27.3 % for hypertension, 9.8 % for diabetes, and 30.2 % for hypercholesterolemia. The NCDs prevalence significantly varied across divisions in Bangladesh, with Barisal having the highest hypertension (25 %) and Sylhet the lowest (18.1 %). Chittagong led in diabetes prevalence (12.0 %), while Rangpur had the lowest (4.8 %). For hypercholesterolemia, Barisal topped (34.9 %), and Mymensingh had the lowest (20.9 %). The significant risk factors of NCDs included age, occupational status, physical activity, and BMI category. Older age and obesity notably increased significantly (p < 0.05) the odds of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, while urban residence increased the odds of diabetes. Conclusion: Several factors, mostly age, occupational status, physical activity, and BMI category are responsible for higher prevalence of NCD diseases. The study explores common factors in NCDs and offers regional comparisons, aiding policymakers in focused interventions for specific regions.Öğe The global burden of overweight-obesity and its association with economic status, benefiting from STEPs survey of WHO member states: A meta-analysis(ELSEVIER, RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2024) Islam, A. N. M. Shamsul; Sultana, Hafıza; Refat, Md. Nazmul Hassan; Farhana, Zaki; Abdulbasah Kamil, Anton; Rahman, Mohammad MeshbahurIntroduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs target 3.4) identifies non-communicable diseases (NCDs) as a key challenge for sustainable development. As one of the major NCD risks, here, we estimated the prevalence of overweight/obesity in adults and assessed countryeconomic variations using meta-analysis. Methods: The latest STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance (STEPS) report of WHO member states studied on overweight/obesity from 2000 to 2020 were reviewed and related data were assessed further. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was pooled using the random effects model. The subgroup analysis and metaregression were performed based on countries’ economic status obtained from the World Bank’s country development index 2019. Study heterogeneity and publication bias were also observed. Results: Out of 73 studies with 469,766 participants analyzed, the highest overweight/obesity prevalence was found in American Samoa (93.5 %), while Democratic People’s Republic of Korea had the lowest prevalence (4.4 %). The overall weighted pooled prevalence of overweight/obesity regardless of countries economic status was 37.0 % [95 % CI: 33 %-42 %]. There was significant heterogeneity in the prevalence of overweight/obesity (I2 = 99.91 %; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed a higher prevalence in high-income countries [60 %; 95 % CI: 47 %-72 %]. Meta-regression revealed a significant (p = 0.001) association and a 14 % increase chance of having overweight/obesity with increasing economic status. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight/obesity is high worldwide, especially in high-income countries that demands a large-scale awareness campaigns and effective initiatives to control overweight/obesity and the associated risk factors of adults of these countries.Öğe Urgent Call to Ensure Clean Air in South Asia - A Growing But Neglected Public Health Emergency(Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Kundu, Shuvojit Kumar; Farhana, Zaki; Kamil, Anton Abdulbasah; Rahman, Mohammad Meshbahur[Abstract Not Available]
