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    Does Perinatal Period Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises Affect Urinary Incontinence? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
    (İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Yayınları / Istanbul Gelisim University Press, 2024) Yıldız Karaahmet, Aysu; Bilgiç, Fatma Şule; Ekmez, Murat
    Aim: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) consists of urinary incontinence (UI), anal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapses, and sexual dysfunction. This study aimed to conduct a systematic compilation and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies examining urinary incontinence symptom severity and quality of life of pelvic floor muscle exercises performed on women during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period. Method: Databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were scanned using MeSHbased keywords. Only randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included. The data were analyzed using the Review Manager computer program (Version 5.3). Results: Pooled standardized differences in incontinence mean (SMD) between pre-intervention groups were -0.09 (95% CI: [-0.018, -0.00], p=0.04). Initially, the exercise group had lower average scores in UDI6 (mean difference (MD) =-3.32 [-4.61-2.03], p<0.00001). MD was higher after exercise (MD = -2.85 [-3.10 -2.61], p<0.00001). There was little evidence of a difference in quality of life between the intervention and control groups as measured by ICIQ-SF. Initially, the exercise group had lower average scores on ICIQ-SF (MD = -0.07 [-0.21-0.08], p=0.37). MD was higher after exercise (MD = -0.06 [-0.16-0.04], p=0.45, but there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Evidence has shown an effect of pelvic floor muscle training on urinary incontinence and quality of life in the postpartum period in primiparous women. However, high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed.