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Öğe Childhood abuse and neglect in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Semiz, Umit Basar; Oner, Ozgur; Cengiz, Fatma Fariha; Bilici, MustafaObjective: Although it has been suggested that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common in children who were abused and that ADHD can be a risk factor for abuse itself, there are very few studies which investigated whether adult ADHD is associated with childhood abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to fill this gap in the literature. Method: Seventy adults with DSM-IV ADHD diagnosis and 70 healthy control subjects were included in the study. We used Adult ADHD Self Rating Scale (ASRS) and Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) to support the diagnosis. All subjects were assessed using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Scale, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), and Symptom Checklist-90Revised. Results: ADHD subjects had higher ASRS inattentiveness, hyperactivity/impulsivity, WURS, and Symptoms Checklist-90 (SCL-90) General Symptom Index scores than controls. ADHD group also had higher PCL, DES and ACE scores. In CTQ, ADHD subjects had higher emotional abuse and neglect scores than control subjects. ASRS and WURS scores were correlated with PCL, ACE, CTQ Emotional Abuse, and DES scores; WURS score was also correlated with CTQ Physical Abuse and Neglect scores. Regression analysis indicated that general level of psychopathology was most significantly associated with DES and PCL scores. Conclusions: Results suggested that ADHD cases were more commonly exposed to emotional abuse and neglect. They had significantly more dissociative experiences and reported Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms more frequently. The results pointed to the importance of childhood traumatic and adverse experiences in adults with ADHD.Öğe Electroencephalography Spectral Power Density in First-Episode Mania: A Comparative Study with Subsequent Remission Period(AVES, BUYUKDERE CAD 105-9, MECIDIYEKOY, SISLI, ISTANBUL 34096, TURKEY, 2013-12-11) Güven, Sertaç; Kesebir, Sermin; Demirer, Rüştü Murat; Bilici, MustafaIntroduction: Our aim in this study was to investigate spectral power density (PSD) in first-episode mania and subsequent remission period and to evaluate their difference. Methods: Sixty-nine consecutive cases referring to our hospital within the previous 1 year, who were evaluated as bipolar disorder manic episode according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) at the first episode and had the informed consent form signed by first degree relatives, were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included having previous depressive episode, using drugs which could influence electroencephalographic activity before electroencephalography (EEG), and having previous neurological disease, particularly epilepsy, head trauma, and/or loss of consciousness. EEG records were obtained using a digital device in 16 channels; 23 surface electrodes were placed according to the International 10-20 system. Spectral power density (db mu V/Hz) of EEG signal provided information on the power carried out by EEG waves in defined frequancy range per unit frequency in the present study. Results: A peak power value detected on the right with FP2P4 and on the left with F7T3 electrodes were found to be higher in the manic episode than in the remission period (p=0.018 and 0.025). In the remission period, in cases with psychotic symptoms during the manic period, F4C4 peak power value was found to be lower than that in cases with no psychotic findings during the manic period (p=0.027). There was no relation was found between YMRS scores and peak power scores. Conclusion: Electrophysiological corollary of mood episode is present from the onset of the disease, and it differs between the manic and remission periods of bipolar disorder. In the remission period, peak power values of PSD distinguish cases with psychotic findings from cases without psychotic findings when they were manic.Öğe Evaluation of childhood trauma with respect to criminal behavior, dissociative experiences, adverse family experiences and psychiatric backgrounds among prison inmates(W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC, 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899, 2018) Altıntaş, Merih; Bilici, MustafaObjective: To evaluate childhood trauma in relation to criminal behavior, dissociative experiences, adverse family experiences during childhood and psychiatric backgrounds among prison inmates. Methods: In total, 200 prison inmates were included in this questionnaire-based study. Data on demographic characteristics, adverse family experiences during childhood and psychiatric backgrounds were collected via face-to-face interviews, and a psychometric evaluation was conducted using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) and Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES). Results: Several historical items were more common in females than in males including family history of psychiatric disease (23.0% vs. 13.0%, p = 0.048), a personal history of psychiatric disease (51.0% vs. 29.0%, p b 0.001), and previous suicide attempts (49.0% vs. 25.0%, p b 0.001). In male inmates, in contrast, there were higher rates of substance abuse (48.0% vs. 29.0%, p b 0.001) and previous convictions (50.0% vs. 25.0%, p b 0.001). Males had a younger age at first crime (24.9 ± 8.9 years vs. 30.3 ± 9.2 years, p b 0.001), whereas females had higher rates of violent crimes (69.2% vs. 30.8% p b 0.001) and higher CTQ total scores (51.9 ± 20.9 vs. 46.2 ± 18.9, p = 0.04). A significant relationship of CTQ total score was noted with age at first offense (? = 0.772, p b 0.001) but not with sentence length (? = 0.075, p = 0.292). There were also possible mediating roles of psychiatric problems, adverse family experiences and DES in the relationship between CTQ and age at first offense. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings revealed a high prevalence of and significant associations among childhood trauma, dissociative experiences, adverse family experiences and psychiatric problems in a cohort of incarcerated females and males. A psychiatric background, childhood trauma characterized by sexual abuse and violent crimes were found to be predominant in female prison inmates, whereas a criminal background with a younger age at first offense and frequent previous convictions, substance use and sexual crimes were more prevalent among male prison inmates. Our findings indicate a potential link between childhood traumatization and criminal behavior in terms of subsequent offending but not in terms of severity of the subsequent offense.Öğe İlk Dönem Manide Spektral Güç Yoğunluğu: Ardışık İyilik Dönemi ile Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma(2015) Güven, Sertaç; Kesebir, Sermin; Demirer, R Murat; Bilici, MustafaAmaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız, ilk dönem mani ve ardışık iyilik döneminde elektroensefalografi (EEG) spektral güç yoğunluklarını (PSD) araştırmak ve birbirinden farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, son bir yıl içerisinde hastanemize başvurmuş, Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve İstatistiksel Elkitabı-IV'e (DSM-IV) göre iki uçlu bozukluk, manik dönem tanılı, ilk dönem 69 olgu ardışık olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Dışlama ölçütleri, önceki depresif epizotu olmak, çekim öncesi EEG'yi etkileyebilecek ilaç kullanmış olmak, özellikle epilepsi olmak üzere önceki nörolojik hastalık, kafa travması ve/ya da bilinç kaybıdır. EEG çekimleri, digital EEG cihazı ile 16 kanal olarak yapılmıştır. Yirmi üç adet yüzey elektrodu uluslararası 10-20 sistemine göre yerleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, EEG işaretinin spektral güç yoğunluğu (dbuV/Hz), EEG dalgalarının tanımlanan frekans aralığında birim frekans başına taşıdığı güç hakkında bilgi vermektedir.Bulgular: Sağ FP2P4 ve sol F7T3 elektrotlarında saptanan tepe güç de- ğeri manik dönemde, iyilik döneminde olduğundan yüksek bulunmuştur (p=0,018 ve 0,025). İyilik döneminde, manik dönemde iken psikotik bulgusu olan olgularda, F4C4 tepe güç değeri, manik dönemde iken psikotik bulgusu olmayan olgulardan düşük bulunmuştur (p=0,027). YMRS puanları ile tepe güç değerleri arasında bir bağıntı yoktur. Sonuç: Duygudurum döneminin elektrofizyolojik izdüşümü, hastalığın başlangıcından itibaren mevcuttur ve mani ve iyilik dönemleri arasında birbirinden farklıdır. İyilik döneminde SPD'nin tepe güç değerleri, manik dönemde iken psikotik bulgusu olan olguları, psikotik bulgusu olmayan olgulardan ayırdetmektedir.Öğe Levels of nitric oxide, asymmetric dimethyl arginine, symmetric dimethyl arginine, and L-arginine in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(TÜBİTAK, 2016) Yılmaz, Enver Demirel; Üstündağ, Mehmet Fatih; Gençer, Ali Görkem; Kıvrak, Yüksel; Ünal, Özge; Bilici, MustafaBackground/aim: We aimed to investigate and compare to healthy controls the variations in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethyl arginine (SDMA), and L-arginine levels in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Materials and methods: We enrolled 30 patients with OCD and 30 healthy controls in the study consecutively. Diagnostic interviews of all participants were conducted with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), and sociodemographic data of the participants were recorded. Patients scoring 10 points or more on the Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale were enrolled in the study. Results: The NO levels of patients with OCD were increased compared to the control group, but the increase was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). However, patients with OCD had significantly lower levels of ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine compared with the controls (P < 0.001). Conclusion: We found a significant decrease in ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine as NO inhibitors between the groups, possibly because of an increase in NO. However, the insignificant increase in NO suggests that ADMA, SDMA, and L-arginine play direct and potentially important roles in OCD biology.Öğe Nikotin Bağımlılığı Tedavisinde Elektroakupunktur: Çift-Kör Plasebo Kontrollü Bir Çalışma(BAYT Yayıncılık, 2016) Bilici, Mustafa; Güven, Sertaç; Köşker, Selcen; Şafak, Ayşe; Semiz, Ümit BaşarAmaç: Nikotin bağımlılığı (NB) tedavisinde ilaç dışı yöntemlerle yapılmış kontrollü çalışma sayısı yetersizdir. Buna rağmen NB tedavisinde elektroakupunktur (EA) gibi ilaç dışı yöntemlerin kullanımı giderek artmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı gerçek elektroakupunktur (GEA) ile plasebo elektroakupunkturun (PEA) NB tedavisindeki etkinliğini ve güvenirliğini karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-IV ölçütlerine göre NB tanısı konan 450 hasta alındı. Bu çalışma, 4 haftalık bir tedavi ve sonrasında 4 haftalık bir takip dönemini içeren çift kör ve plasebo kontrollü bir yöntemle gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma Haziran-Aralık 2009 tarihleri arasında bir ayaktan psikiyatri kliniğinde yapılmıştır. Dört yüz elli hastadan gerekli ölçütleri karşılayan 164 hasta bire bir oranında GEA (n=84) ve PEA (n=80) gruplarına ayrıldı. Hastaların rutin biyokimyasal, hematolojik, idrar, akciğer ve kalp incelemeleri ile nefes karbon monoksit (CO) düzeyleri kaydedildi. Ayrıca Fagerstrom Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi (FNBT), Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği (HDÖ) ve Hamilton Anksiyete Ölçeği (HAÖ) uygulandı. EA uygulamaları Antismoke 3000® markalı bir cihazla gerçekleştirildi. Etkinlik analizleri “tedavi amacına yönelik analiz” kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birincil etkinlik analizlerinde değişken olarak 4. haftadaki FNBT, günlük içilen sigara sayısı ve CO puanlarındaki değişimler kullanıldı. İkincil etkinlik analizleri için aynı değişkenlerin 8. hafta değerleri kullanıldı. Etkinlik analizleri ANCOVA kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Grupların ortalama başlangıç FNBT, HDÖ, HAÖ ve CO düzeyleri istatistiksel olarak benzerdi. Grupların etkinlik parametrelerindeki değişim ve sigarayı bırakma oranları (GEA grubunda %35,7, PEA grubunda %30) benzer bulundu. Çalışma dışı kalan hastaların oranları (GEA grubunda %8,3 ve PEA grubunda %8,7) ve tedaviyi sürdüremeyenlerin oranları (GEA grubunda %44 ve PEA grubunda %43,7) benzer bulundu. Grupların bildirdiği yan etki oranları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık yoktu. Sonuç: Bu çalışma GEA ve PEA’nın NB hastalarında benzer etkinlik ve güvenirlik profiline sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.Öğe Nitric oxide, asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine and L-arginine levels in psychotic exacerbation of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder manic episode(SAUDI MED J, ARMED FORCES HOSPITAL, PO BOX 7897,, RIYADH 11159, SAUDI ARABIA, 2020) Üstündağ, Mehmet F.; Özcan, Halil; Gencer, Ali G.; Yılmaz, Enver D.; Uğur, Kerim; Oral, Elif; Bilici, MustafaObjectives: To examine the changes in nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), and L-arginine levels in schizophrenia during acute psychotic exacerbation and in bipolar disorder during mania and to compare those changes to healthy controls. Methods: Thirty schizophrenia patients with acute psychotic exacerbation and 30 bipolar disorder patients with mania, who attended the Psychiatry Department, Erenkoy Hospital for Mental and Nervous Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey, in 2010. Thirty healthy controls were included. The diagnosis was made using the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) interviews. Patients' demographic data were recorded, and NO, SDMA, L-arginine, and ADMA levels were studied. Results: Nitric oxide levels in schizophrenia patients were significantly lower than the control group. Nitric oxide levels in the bipolar group were lower than the control group but the difference was not statistically significant. The levels of SDMA, ADMA, and L-arginine were found to be significantly higher in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients than the control group. The disease duration was slightly negatively correlated with NO levels in bipolar patients. In schizophrenia patients, the disease severity was slightly positively correlated with NO levels. Conclusion: Significant changes in NO, SDMA, ADMA, and L-arginine levels in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients suggest that NO and inhibitors of NO might be implicated in the neurobiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
