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    Phenotypic Characterization of ESBL- and AmpC- Type Betalactamases in Enterobacteriaceae From Chicken Meat and Dairy Products
    (Ankara Üniversitesi, 2017-12-01) Özpınar, Haydar; Tekiner, İsmail Hakkı; Sarıcı, Birsen; Çakmak, Burcu; Gökalp, Fatma; Özadam, Aylin
    The excess and off-label use of antibiotics results in development of antibiotic resistance among microorganisms. Although microbiological criteria have been appropriately considered in the Food Codex, an inspection for antibiotic-resistant bacteria has not come into force yet. Beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae adversely affects the human health by leading to therapeutic failures against infections. The objective of this study was to characterize ESBL- and/or AmpC- type beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from chicken meat, raw milk and unpacked-fresh cheese samples phenotypically. In this study, a total of 327 samples (109 chicken meat, 135 raw milk and 83 unpacked fresh cheese) was examined microbiologically by performing preenrichment, enrichment on selective media, and oxidase test according to the Criteria by ISO/DIS21528-2. Overall, 80 ESBL- and/or AmpC positive isolates were identified by mass spectrometer. The most prevalent strain was Escherichia coli (68.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.8%), Enterobacter cloacae (7.5%), Citrobacter spp. (6.2%), Hafnia alvei (6.2%), and Klebsiella oxytoca (2.5%). The beta-lactamases were screened by disc diffusion, disc diffusion confirmation, and MIC determination according to the Guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The most common beta-lactamase type was found as ESBL in 75 isolates, followed by a combination of ESBL & AmpC in 10 isolates, and AmpC in five isolates, respectively. In conclusion, our study showed that ESBL- and/or AmpC-type beta-lactamases were the most common enzymes in Enterobacteriaceae in the analyzed foods. Keywords: AmpC, antibiotic resistance, dairy product, Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL.