Weekly Press Release of Istanbul Gelisim University (March 29, April 2, 2021)  

Abstract

BY A DOYEN - A Short Unscientific Writing The word university (universitas), meaning universal knowledge, meant guild or branch of business in Latin. In the period when universities were established (after the 12th century), studium or studium generale, which means synonym of this word, were places known as study-general teaching institutions. Universities are based on spruce (secular) on the one hand, and otherworldly (religious) organizations on the other. Guilds have a great importance in the social and cultural life of Medieval Europe. On the other hand, there were monasteries. Guilds provided apprenticeship training in various professions. Monasteries, on the other hand, raised students in religious knowledge and positive sciences. 50% of the curriculum consisted of logic, philosophy and mathematics. Today, the authorities in modern world universities (such as the rector, dean) and the urba that these people wear are the authorities and urba of the church. The administration of these universities was maintained by church authorities until the middle of the 16th century. Curricula pioneering the logic, philosophy and positive sciences taught in the monasteries I mentioned above will form the basis of modern university programs. The universities that started to be established at the end of the 12th century (Bologna-1088-Italy) were the cornerstones of the road to the Renaissance. This was one of the main reasons why the Renaissance began in Italy first. Bologna was founded first, then Paris and Oxford (12th-13th centuries). As a matter of fact, Renaissance followed this line: Italy, France and England. ... These institutions, from which the elite and nobility were taken in before, also accepted students from the poor people after the printing press was found. Because the printing press both facilitated and made the circulation of information cheaper. While these universities first train apprentices in certain occupational fields, they have gradually become organizations that specialize in certain scientific fields. For example, while universities in Italy are ahead in the field of medicine and law - especially Roman law; Paris was good in law. On the other hand, as universities develop, Greek is included in their curriculum alongside Latin. Gradually, the works of the ancient Greek period are translated and they are started to be taught in universities. The Renaissance, which means the rejuvenation of knowledge and learning, will thus begin. The enlightened people who grew up in these universities would spread humanism. Then, with the renewal (reformation) in religion, the Renaissance period will peak in the West. Societies that did not experience the Renaissance in our world today have remained unhappy. I end my article with a short anecdote.