Adedoyin, Festus FataiBekun, Festus Victor2024-09-112024-09-1120240944-1344https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-34254-1https://hdl.handle.net/11363/8293The Publisher has retracted this article in agreement with the Editor-in-Chief. An investigation by the publisher found a number of articles, including this one, with a number of concerns, including but not limited to compromised peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references, containing nonstandard phrases or not being in scope of the journal. Based on the investigation's findings the publisher, in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article. Author Festus Fatai Adedoyin has stated that the authors disagree with this retraction. © The Author(s) 2024.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessenergy consumption; erratum; human; pollutant; tourism; urbanizationErratum31334612910.1007/s11356-024-34254-1389775562-s2.0-85197769591Q1